14. Appendix
Figure X. Illustration of participants, systems and tools to support business development in Norway (Translation by Vareide et.al. 2019)
The state
"Innovation Norway" Public enterprise for the Norwegian Scientific Council
industrial growth (SIVA) research
Regional Offices of Regional Funds for
"Innovation Norway" research
District Governor District Administration
(service)
Business incubators / business gardens
R&D institutions advisory services
start-ups Regional councils
Public Business DMC (Intermunicipal
companies political board)
Administration Grants Grants
for energy for business
Financing
Contractor Municipality
[1] https://www.regjeringen.no/globalassets/upload/kmd/ke/kmd_eng.pdf
[2] https://www.froya.kommune.no/tjenester/naring/
[3] According to our informant, the increased pressure on the municipal services in the municipality due to the population growth is a challenge for the finances of the local government. The municipality of Freya has a large debt.
[4] It's about Local agenda 21 The initiative to implement Agenda 21 (UN Plan of Action preceding Agenda 2030) at local government level.
[5] In this regard, cruise tourism has sparked a local debate. The most obvious positive effects are an increase in the local trade industry and local port taxes. On the negative side, it is emphasized that cruise tourists spend relatively little money on the short time they usually visit Aurland, that the little money they spend only benefits the local community, and that overcrowding in small concentrated areas is simply not sustainable. Huge cruise tourism also has side effects on the environment, not least pollution. As Aurland shares these cruise traffic challenges with the entire coast of Western Norway, in 2016 the four districts in Western Norway adopted joint cruise traffic strategy. Their goal was to become the most important region in the world for sustainable cruise tourism. The most important initiatives in the strategy are to extend the season to reduce the number of tourists coming at the same time, greater use of environmentally friendly means of transport to, from and in ports and offering more local products and experiences for guests.
[6] https://en.naroyfjorden.no/the-world-heritage-park
[7] In the late 90s, the Norwegian Ministry of Local Government and Regional Development (now the Ministry of Local Government and Modernization) created a scheme for local business gardens. A business garden is a physical space shared by knowledge-based companies. The aim is to stimulate innovation in small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), as well as business development and entrepreneurship in remote and less developed areas of Norway. By becoming members of these centers, companies gain access to networking activities, knowledge sharing, receive advice and marketing services, and can discuss the challenges of starting a new business. Today, there are over 50 business gardens throughout Norway.
[8] https://sakte-eng.squarespace.com/about-us
[9] The slow food movement is targeting a world where all people have access and can enjoy food that is good for them, for those who grow it and for the planet. Their approach is that food should be tasty, clean and fair. Delicious food means that it is good, healthy and of the highest quality. Clean food means that food production must be environmentally friendly. And fair food means reasonable prices for the consumer and fair pay for producers.
[10] https://www.trysil.kommune.no/tema/arbeid-og-naering/landbruk/Sider/side.aspx
[11] Source: Destination Trysil.
At the peak of the winter season, Trysil accommodates about 60 people in addition to the residents of the municipality. The responsibility for providing health care to visitors lies with the municipality of Trysil. This includes emergency medical services and home care. This is based on the clear Norwegian principle that the municipality in which a person is located must be a healthcare provider, regardless of where he or she lives. The costs of providing these services are significant for a municipality with nearly 000 inhabitants and have an impact on the finances of the local government. The challenge will become more serious as the number of visitors increases. The increase in sales of cottages and holiday homes contributes to this challenge. The proportion of older people in Norway is increasing, and this group has more free time to spend in their hut. This can further increase the costs of home care and health services in general.
[12] https://www.ssb.no/bygg-bolig-og-eiendom/artikler-og-publikasjoner/trysil-pa-hyttetoppen
[13] https://www.trysil.kommune.no/tema/kunngjoringer/Sider/Trysil-kommunes-landbruksfond.aspx
[14] https://www.trysil.kommune.no/tema/arbeid-og-naering/arbeid/Sider/Hallo-tryslinger-som-trenger-l%C3%A6replass.aspx
[15] https://www.trysil.com/no/Nyheter/Trysil-barekraftig-reisemal/
[16] https://www.visitnorway.com/plan-your-trip/travel-tips-a-z/right-of-access/
[17] https://oxfordresearch.no/wp-content/uploads/2019/11/Oxford-Research-2019-Evaluering-av-omstillingsprogrammet-i-L%C3%A6rdal.pdf
[18] https://oxfordresearch.no/wp-content/uploads/2019/11/Oxford-Research-2019-Evaluering-av-omstillingsprogrammet-i-L%C3%A6rdal.pdf
[19] https://business.visitnorway.com/no/barekraftig-reiseliv/sustainability-and-tourism-in-innovation-norway/
[20] See footnote 4 in this report (p. 17), which explains what a local business garden is.
[21] Source: Visit Nordfjord. Strategy 2019-2021
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